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These products are intended for research purposes only and are not for human consumption. Not FDA approved. Not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

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Type
Synthetic peptide (acylated, 31 residues)
Molecular formula
C187H291N45O59
Molecular weight
~4,114 g/mol
CAS number
910463-68-2
Amino acids
31
Fatty acid chain
C18 diacid
Sequence
H-Aib-Glu-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Val-Ser-Ser-Tyr-Leu-Glu-Gly-Gln-Ala-Ala-Lys[C18-diacid/γ-Glu-AEEA₂]-Glu-Phe-Ile-Ala-Trp-Leu-Val-Arg-Gly-Arg-Gly-NH₂
Modification
Aib8 and Arg34 substitutions; Lys26 C18 fatty-diacid acylation via gamma-Glu and two AEEA linkers.
A GLP-1 analogue incorporating Aib at position 8 and Arg at position 34, with Lys26 side-chain acylated to a C18 fatty diacid via a γ-Glu/AEEA spacer. It binds the extracellular domain and transmembrane pocket of GLP-1R, a class B G protein–coupled receptor. The Aib8 substitution confers resistance to DPP-4 cleavage; the C18-diacid side chain provides reversible albumin binding that extends serum half-life. Upon receptor engagement, intracellular signaling proceeds through the cAMP/PKA pathway and β-arrestin recruitment.
Lyophilized
20°C (-80°C long term)
powder typically stable ~24 months.
Avoid freeze-thaw; protect from light; keep sealed and dry. Self-associates in aqueous solution.
Reviews
Tsiampali C, Vachliotis ID, Goulas A, Polyzos SA (2024). Hormones (Athens) — Review of GLP-1 receptor agonist analogues in NAFLD/NASH animal models
Knudsen LB, Lau J (2019). Front Endocrinol — Review of long-acting GLP-1 analogue design and albumin-binding strategies
Reviews
Aroda VR, Ahmann A, Cariou B, et al. (2019). Diabetes Metab — Comparative review across SUSTAIN 1–7 clinical studies; cited for study-design context
Nauck MA, Quast DR (2021). Front Endocrinol — Review of findings from SUSTAIN 6 and PIONEER 6 clinical programmes; cited for study-design context
Shi FH, Li H, Cui M, et al. (2018). Front Pharmacol — Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical studies of once-weekly LUV SM; cited for study-design context
Meier JJ (2021). Front Endocrinol — Narrative review of subcutaneous and oral LUV SM formulation efficacy data
Abusedera O, Sherif J, Smida M, Fredericks S (2025). J Clin Med — Systematic review and meta-analysis of LUV SM effects on pancreatic β-cell function endpoints; cited for study-design context
Douros JD, et al. (2024). J Endocrinol — Review of GLP-1 receptor as a model for biased agonism in GPCR pharmacology
Rehman SU, Kolanu ND, Mushtaq MM, et al. (2024). Cureus — Systematic review of renal-endpoint studies examining LUV SM; cited for study-design context
Weiskirchen R, Lonardo A (2025). Med Sci (Basel) — Review of LUV SM bench-to-bedside metabolic research; cited for study-design context
Clinical
Marso SP, et al. (2016). N Engl J Med — Randomized clinical study (SUSTAIN 6); cited for study-design context
Husain M, et al. (2019). N Engl J Med — Randomized clinical study (PIONEER 6); cited for study-design context
Lincoff AM, et al. (2023). N Engl J Med — Randomized clinical study (SELECT); cited for study-design context
Primary research
Niu S, Chen S, et al. (2022). Front Endocrinol — Proteomics and metabolomics study examining LUV SM in a rodent NAFLD model
Zhang X, Belousoff MJ, Liang YL, et al. (2021). Cell Rep — Cryo-EM structural study of LUV SM bound to the human GLP-1R–Gs complex
Lau J, et al. (2015). J Med Chem — Design and pharmacokinetic characterization of long-acting acylated GLP-1 analogues
Garvey WT, et al. (2022). Nat Med — Two-year randomized clinical study (STEP 5); cited for study-design context
Husain M, et al. (2020). Cardiovasc Diabetol — Post hoc analysis from SUSTAIN and PIONEER clinical studies; cited for study-design context
Husain M, et al. (2022). Cardiovasc Diabetol — Post hoc subgroup analysis from SUSTAIN 6 and PIONEER 6 clinical studies; cited for study-design context
Strain WD, et al. (2022). Stroke — Post hoc analysis from SUSTAIN 6 and PIONEER 6 clinical studies; cited for study-design context
Mellbin LG, et al. (2024). Eur Heart J — Post hoc analysis from SUSTAIN 6 and PIONEER 6 clinical studies; cited for study-design context
Alkhouri N, Herring R, Kabler H, et al. (2022). J Hepatol — Randomized phase II clinical study of LUV SM combination; cited for study-design context
Cary BP, Deganutti G, Zhao P, et al. (2022). Nat Chem Biol — Cryo-EM analysis of conformational diversity among agonist-bound states of the GLP-1 receptor
Inia JA, Stokman G, Morrison MC, et al. (2023). Int J Mol Sci — LUV SM effects on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis endpoints in Ldlr-/-.Leiden mouse model
Soto-Catalán M, Opazo-Ríos L, Quiceno H, et al. (2024). Int J Mol Sci — LUV SM effects on hepatic steatosis and de novo lipogenesis markers in a rodent metabolic model
Zhu R, Chen S (2023). Front Endocrinol — Proteomic analysis of lipogenic protein expression in epididymal adipose tissue of LUV SM-treated rodent metabolic model
Luo Y, Yang S, Zeng H, et al. (2025). Nutr Metab (Lond) — LUV SM effects on pancreatic cell hyperplasia and gut microbiota in a high-fat-diet rodent metabolic model
Liu Y, et al. (2026). J Biomol Struct Dyn — Molecular dynamics study of LUV SM binding interactions with human serum albumin