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Peptide Analogs
A synthetic cyclic heptapeptide (cyclic lactam, 7 residues) studied as a conformationally constrained reference ligand in class A GPCR binding, structure-activity chemistry, and structural-biology research.
Reviewed by Dr. James Whitfield, PharmD · Published · Last reviewed · For research use only.
Type
Synthetic cyclic heptapeptide (cyclic lactam)
Molecular formula
C50H69N15O9
Molecular weight
1,024.18 g/mol
CAS number
121062-08-6
Amino acids
7
Sequence
Ac-Nle-cyclo[Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2
Modification
N-terminal acetylation; C-terminal amide; cyclic lactam bridge between the Asp side-chain γ-carboxyl and the Lys side-chain ε-amino group; contains norleucine (Nle) in place of methionine and D-phenylalanine in place of L-phenylalanine.
Melanotan II is a conformationally constrained cyclic lactam heptapeptide. It retains the conserved His-Phe-Arg-Trp core motif, with three engineered modifications relative to the parent linear sequence: substitution of methionine by norleucine, inversion of L-phenylalanine to D-phenylalanine, and a side-chain-to-side-chain lactam bridge (Asp–Lys) that locks the backbone into a defined turn conformation. These changes are associated with reduced susceptibility to enzymatic cleavage in vitro and constrain the bioactive conformation. The constrained scaffold is widely used as a reference ligand for characterizing the binding and selectivity profile of class A (rhodopsin-like) G-protein-coupled receptors in radioligand and structural-biology studies.
Lyophilized
20°C or colder for long-term storage
protected from light and moisture in a desiccated environment.
Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles; aliquot before freezing. Water-soluble; handle as a research-use-only laboratory reagent following standard peptide-handling practice.
Reviews
Habbema L, Halk AB, Neumann M, Bergman W (2017). International Journal of Dermatology
King SH, Mayorov AV, Balse-Srinivasan P, Hruby VJ, Vanderah TW, Wessells H (2007). Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Hadley ME, Dorr RT (2006). Peptides
Reviews
Fung S, Hruby VJ (2005). Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
Adan RA, Gispen WH (1997). Peptides
Rouzaud F, Kadekaro AL, Abdel-Malek ZA, Hearing VJ (2005). Mutat Res
Hadley ME (2005). Peptides
Böhm M, Robert C, Malhotra S, Clément K, Farooqi S (2025). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol
Clinical
Wessells H, Gralnek D, Dorr R, Hruby VJ, Hadley ME, Levine N (2000). Urology
Wessells H, Levine N, Hadley ME, et al. (2000). Int J Impot Res
Primary research
Heyder NA, Kleinau G, Speck D, Schmidt A, Paisdzior S, et al. (2021). Cell Research
Yu J, Gimenez LE, Hernandez CC, Cone RD, Stevens RC, et al. (2020). Science
Martin C, Gimenez LE, Williams SY, Cone RD, Stevens RC, Ballet S, et al. (2020). Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
Nelson ME, Bryant SM, Aks SE (2012). Clinical Toxicology
Grieco P, Cai M, Han G, Trivedi D, Campiglia P, Novellino E, Hruby VJ (2007). Peptides
Hruby VJ, Lu D, Sharma SD, Castrucci AL, Kesterson RA, al-Obeidi FA, Hadley ME, Cone RD (1995). Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
Al-Obeidi F, Castrucci AM, Hadley ME, Hruby VJ (1989). Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
Al-Obeidi F, Hadley ME, Pettitt BM, Hruby VJ (1989). Journal of the American Chemical Society
Hruby VJ, Wilkes BC, Hadley ME, Al-Obeidi F, Sawyer TK, et al. (1987). Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
Van der Ploeg LH, Martin WJ, Howard AD, Nargund RP, Austin CP, et al. (2002). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Vemulapalli R, Kurowski S, Salisbury B, Parker E, Davis H (2001). Br J Pharmacol
Eliason NL, Martin L, Low MJ, Sharpe AL (2022). Neuropeptides
Also known as: MT-II, MT2
Research Use Only
These products are intended for research purposes only and are not for human consumption. Not FDA approved. Not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
| Compound | Type | Molecular weight | CAS number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melanotan IIThis page | Synthetic cyclic heptapeptide (cyclic lactam) | 1,024.18 g/mol | 121062-08-6 |
| LUV RT | Synthetic peptide (acylated, 39 residues) | ~4,731 Da | 2381089-83-2 |
| LUV SM | Synthetic peptide (acylated, 31 residues) | ~4,114 g/mol | 910463-68-2 |
| LUV TRZ2 | Synthetic linear peptide (acylated, 39 residues) | ~4,814 g/mol | 2023788-19-2 |
| AOD-9604 | Synthetic peptide (cyclic, 16 residues) | ~1,815 g/mol | 221231-10-3 |
Comparison of laboratory reference specifications only. For research use only; not a therapeutic comparison.
Quality & methods