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Research updates from Luvaminos
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Signaling
A synthetic ultrashort tripeptide investigated in vascular-endothelial, gene-expression, and cellular-aging research models.
Reviewed by Dr. James Whitfield, PharmD · Published · Last reviewed · For research use only.
Type
Synthetic linear tripeptide
Molecular formula
C15H26N4O8
Molecular weight
390.39 g/mol
Amino acids
3
Sequence
Lys-Glu-Asp (KED); H-Lys-Glu-Asp-OH
Modification
Free N- and C-termini (no modifications).
Vesugen belongs to the class of ultrashort peptide bioregulators (2–4 residues) studied by the Khavinson group. The proposed mechanism centers on direct interaction of the small peptide with DNA: molecular-docking work places KED in the minor groove of double-stranded DNA, where it is hypothesized to associate with gene-promoter regions and influence transcription in a tissue-associated manner. Docking studies have examined KED binding to promoter regions including the MKI67 gene (encoding the proliferation marker Ki-67). Because of its small size and charged lysine residue, transport modeling has explored candidate uptake via LAT-family amino-acid transporters and the PEPT1 peptide transporter. This DNA-interaction model is the originating group's hypothesis and is not independently established consensus pharmacology.
Lyophilized
Store desiccated at -20°C
protect from light and moisture.
Small linear peptide susceptible to degradation in aqueous solution; handle under standard sterile peptide-laboratory practice.
Reviews
Khavinson VK, Linkova NS, Rudskoy AI, Petukhov MG (2023). Biomolecules
Ilina A, Khavinson V, Linkova N, Petukhov M (2022). International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Khavinson V, Linkova N, Kozhevnikova E, Dyatlova A, Petukhov M (2022). International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Reviews
Khavinson VK, Lin'kova NS, Umnov RS (2021). Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
Khavinson VK, Popovich IG, Linkova NS, Mironova ES, Ilina AR (2021). Molecules
Anisimov VN, Khavinson VKh (2010). Biogerontology
Khavinson V, Linkova N, Diatlova A, Trofimova S (2020). Stem Cell Reviews and Reports
Khavinson V, Linkova N, Dyatlova A, Kantemirova R, Kozlov K (2022). Cells
Clinical
Kitachev KV, Sazonov AB, Kozlov KL, Petrov KIu, Sliusarev AS, Khavinson VKh (2014). Advances in Gerontology
Primary research
Khavinson V, Ilina A, Kraskovskaya N, Linkova N, Kolchina N, Mironova E, Erofeev A, Petukhov M (2025). Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
Khavinson V, Ilina A, Kraskovskaya N, Linkova N, Kolchina N, Mironova E, Erofeev A, Petukhov M (2021). Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
Sinjari B, Diomede F, Khavinson V, Mironova E, Linkova N, Trofimova S, Trubiani O, Caputi S (2020). Stem Cell Reviews and Reports
Kraskovskaya NA, Kukanova EO, Lin'kova NS, Popugaeva EA, Khavinson VKh (2017). Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
Kozlov KL, Bolotov II, Linkova NS, Drobintseva AO, Khavinson VK, Dyakonov MM, Kozina LS (2016). Advances in Gerontology
Khavinson VKh, Lin'kova NS, Tarnovskaya SI (2016). Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
Khavinson VKh, Tarnovskaia SI, Lin'kova NS, Guton EO, Elashkina EV (2014). Advances in Gerontology
Khavinson VKh, Tarnovskaya SI, Linkova NS, Pronyaeva VE, Shataeva LK, Yakutseni PP (2013). Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
Caputi S, Trubiani O, Sinjari B, Trofimova S, Diomede F, Linkova N, Diatlova A, Khavinson V (2019). International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology
Ashapkin V, Khavinson V, Shilovsky G, Linkova N, Vanuyshin B (2020). Molecular Biology Reports
Kolchina N, Khavinson V, Linkova N, Yakimov A, Baitin D, Afanasyeva A, Petukhov M (2019). Nucleic Acids Research
Sakhenberg E, Linkova N, Kraskovskaya N, Krieger D, Polyakova V, Medvedev D, Krasichkov A, Khotin M, Ryzhak G (2025). Current Issues in Molecular Biology
Also known as: KED, Lys-Glu-Asp
Research Use Only
These products are intended for research purposes only and are not for human consumption. Not FDA approved. Not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
| Compound | Type | Molecular weight | CAS number |
|---|---|---|---|
| VesugenThis page | Synthetic linear tripeptide | 390.39 g/mol | — |
| PT-141 | Synthetic peptide (cyclic heptapeptide) | 1,025.18 g/mol | 189691-06-3 |
| Cardiogen | Synthetic linear tetrapeptide (short peptide bioregulator) | 489.5 g/mol | — |
| Cerebrolysin | Porcine brain-derived neuropeptide and amino-acid preparation (enzymatic hydrolysate; heterogeneous mixture) | Peptide fraction <10 kDa | 12656-61-0 |
| Cortagen | Synthetic linear tetrapeptide | 446.45 g/mol | — |
Comparison of laboratory reference specifications only. For research use only; not a therapeutic comparison.
Quality & methods