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Out of StockMolecular Profile
Molecular Profile
Type
Purine nucleoside analogue (imidazole ribonucleoside)
Molecular formula
C9H14N4O5
Molecular weight
258.23 g/mol
CAS number
2627-69-2
Mechanism & Target Class
Mechanism & Target Class
AICAR enters cells through equilibrative nucleoside transporters and is phosphorylated by adenosine kinase to its 5′-monophosphate form, ZMP (AICAR monophosphate; CAS 3031-94-5). ZMP is a structural AMP analogue that occupies nucleotide-binding sites on the regulatory γ-subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), the heterotrimeric αβγ serine/threonine kinase. Binding allosterically activates AMPK and protects the activation-loop residue Thr172 from dephosphorylation. Downstream, active AMPK phosphorylates acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), inhibits mTORC1 signaling, promotes GLUT4-mediated glucose transporter translocation, and activates PGC-1α-driven transcriptional programs involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. Because ZMP also interacts with other AMP-regulated enzymes — including fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase — and some cellular responses to AICAR proceed through AMPK-independent pathways, researchers pair AICAR with dominant-negative AMPK constructs and adenosine-kinase inhibitors as orthogonal controls to establish pathway specificity.
Storage & Handling
Storage & Handling
Lyophilized
Store crystalline powder at −20°C, desiccated and protected from moisture
ship cold.
Water-soluble; protect from light and moisture; keep sealed; standard laboratory reagent precautions apply.
References
References
Reviews
- 1
Steinberg GR, Hardie DG. (2023). Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol
- 2
Steinberg GR, Carling D. (2019). Nat Rev Drug Discov
Reviews
- 3
Hardie DG, Ross FA, Hawley SA. (2012). Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol
- 4
Hardie DG. (2007). Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol
Clinical
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Van Den Neste E, Cazin B, Janssens A, et al. (2013). Cancer Chemother Pharmacol
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Newman MF, Ferguson TB, White JA, et al. (2012). JAMA
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Mangano DT, Miao Y, Tudor IC, Dietzel C. (2006). J Am Coll Cardiol
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Mangano DT. (1997). JAMA
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Multicenter Study of Perioperative Ischemia (McSPI) Research Group. (1995). Anesthesiology
- 10
Groupe Francophone des Myélodysplasies (GFM).. ClinicalTrials.gov
Primary research
- 11
Xiao B, Sanders MJ, Underwood E, et al. (2011). Nature
- 12
Santidrián AF, González-Gironès DM, Iglesias-Serret D, et al. (2010). Blood
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Narkar VA, Downes M, Yu RT, et al. (2008). Cell
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Xiao B, Heath R, Saiu P, et al. (2007). Nature
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Marie S, Heron B, Bitoun P, Timmerman T, Van Den Berghe G, Vincent MF. (2004). Am J Hum Genet
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Campàs C, López JM, Santidrián AF, et al. (2003). Blood
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Mu J, Brozinick JT Jr, Valladares O, Bucan M, Birnbaum MJ. (2001). Mol Cell
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Kurth-Kraczek EJ, Hirshman MF, Goodyear LJ, Winder WW. (1999). Diabetes
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Merrill GF, Kurth EJ, Hardie DG, Winder WW. (1997). Am J Physiol
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Corton JM, Gillespie JG, Hawley SA, Hardie DG. (1995). Eur J Biochem
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Sullivan JE, Brocklehurst KJ, Marley AE, Carey F, Carling D, Beri RK. (1994). FEBS Lett
Primary Database
Primary Database
Also known as: AICA riboside, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside
View this compound in the Research Library →Research Use Only. All products sold by Luvaminos are intended solely for in vitro research and laboratory use by qualified professionals. They are not approved by the FDA and are not intended for human or animal consumption, therapeutic use, or diagnostic purposes. By purchasing, you confirm you are a licensed researcher or institution and accept full responsibility for compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.
