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Type
Synthetic linear tetrapeptide
Molecular formula
C18H30N4O9
Molecular weight
446.45 g/mol
Amino acids
4
Sequence
Ala-Glu-Asp-Leu
Modification
Unmodified free N-/C-termini; documented in the originating patent as an acetate salt
Cortagen belongs to the Khavinson class of short regulatory peptides — sequences of 2–7 amino acid residues proposed to act as epigenetic modulators by penetrating cell nuclei and interacting directly with DNA and histone proteins rather than through classical receptor engagement. In vitro biophysical characterization (Morozova et al., 2017) using UV spectrophotometry, circular dichroism, and viscometry reports that AEDL forms a complex with double-stranded DNA at the guanine N7 position in the major groove without visible distortion of the double-helix structure. Differential scanning microcalorimetry work (Monaselidze et al., 2011) documents a DNA-thermostabilizing interaction with calf thymus and mouse liver DNA across a defined molar-ratio range, characterized as non-sequence-specific. Docking-based spatial modeling (Khavinson, Lin'kova & Tarnovskaya, 2016) assigns the AEDL and EDL sequences to a CTCC tetranucleotide binding motif at gene-promoter sites. Histone-binding experiments (Fedoreyeva, Vanyushin & Baranova, 2020) report AEDL interaction with linker histone H1 and core histone H3 associated with remodeling of condensed-chromatin domains. At the transcript level, AEDL is studied in human bronchial epithelial cell cultures for association with expression of differentiation factors NKX2-1, SCGB1A1, SCGB3A2, FOXA1, and FOXA2, mucin and surfactant genes MUC4, MUC5AC, and SFTPA1, and cell-cycle and signaling proteins Ki67, Mcl-1, p53, CD79, and NOS-3.
Lyophilized
−20 °C, protected from light and moisture
documented in the originating patent as a white amorphous odorless powder.
As an unprotected tetrapeptide composed of common L-amino acids, AEDL would be expected to be susceptible to proteolytic degradation; no formal pharmacokinetic study measuring the intact peptide was identified in the verified literature.
Reviews
Khavinson VK, Popovich IG, Linkova NS, Mironova ES, Ilina AR (2021). Molecules
Khavinson VK, Lin'kova NS, Tarnovskaya SI, et al. (2016). Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
Reviews
Vanyushin BF, Khavinson VK (2016). Epigenetics – A Different Way of Looking at Genetics (Springer)
Primary research
Lazareva EM, Kazakov EP, Dilovarova TA, Kononenko NV, Fedoreyeva LI (2025). International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Fedoreyeva LI, Vanyushin BF, Baranova EN (2020). AIMS Biophysics
Morozova EA, Lin'kova NS, Khavinson VK, Soloviev AY, Kasyanenko NA (2017). Journal of Structural Chemistry
Fedoreyeva LI, Dilovarova TA, Ashapkin VV, et al. (2017). Biochemistry (Moscow)
Kuzubova NA, Lebedeva ES, Dvorakovskaya IV, et al. (2015). Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
Khavinson VK, Tendler SM, Vanyushin BF, et al. (2014). Lung
Khavinson VK, Linkova NS, Polyakova VO, et al. (2012). Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
Fedoreyeva LI, Kireev II, Khavinson VK, Vanyushin BF (2011). Biochemistry (Moscow)
Monaselidze JR, Khavinson VK, Gorgoshidze MZ, et al. (2011). Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
Khavinson VK, Ryzhak GA, et al. (2009). US Patent 7,625,870
Khavinson VK (2001). Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
Turchaninova LN, Kolosova LI, Malinin VV, Moiseeva AB, Nozdrachev AD, Khavinson VK (2000). Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
Anisimov SV, Boheler KR, Khavinson VK, Anisimov VN (2004). Neuro Endocrinology Letters
Zarubina IV, Shabanov PD (2011). Eksperimental'naia i Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia
Shabanov PD, Vislobokov AI (2013). Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy
Lezhava T, Monaselidze J, Jokhadze T, Buadze M, Gaiozishvili M (2015). International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics
Lezhava T, Jokhadze T, Monaselidze J, Buadze T, Gaiozishvili M, Sigua T (2020). Georgian Medical News
Khavinson VK, Lin'kova NS, Tarnovskaya SI, Umnov RS, Elashkina EV, Durnova AO (2014). Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
Caputi S, Trubiani O, Sinjari B, Trofimova S, Diomede F, Linkova N, Diatlova A, Khavinson V (2019). International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology
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