P21
A 6-residue synthetic peptide analog of ciliary neurotrophic factor studied in neuroscience research models.
Quick answers
What is P21?
P21 is a 6-residue synthetic peptide analog of ciliary neurotrophic factor studied in neuroscience research models. It is a synthetic peptide (modified neurotrophic fragment) of 6 amino acids with a molecular weight of 578.3 g/mol and the formula C₃₀H₅₄N₆O₅.
How much published research cites P21?
The Luvaminos P21 record cites 21 published references, dated 2010 to 2026. Each is listed on this page with a link to its source.
Does Luvaminos test P21, and where is the certificate?
Luvaminos does not currently stock P21. Every peptide lot Luvaminos sells is tested by Freedom Diagnostics Testing, PLLC, an independent laboratory, and its certificate is published at luvaminos.com/coa under the lot number printed on the vial.
What modifications does P21 carry?
P21: N-terminal acetylation; C-terminal amide; adamantane group covalently attached to the fifth residue, conferring lipophilicity and protease resistance.
How is P21 powder stored?
Sealed P21 powder: –20 °C; dry, protected from moisture and light. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Lyophilized form generally stable for months under recommended conditions.
Molecular Profile
- Type
- Synthetic peptide (modified neurotrophic fragment)
- Molecular formula
- C₃₀H₅₄N₆O₅
- Molecular weight
- 578.3 g/mol
- Amino acids
- 6
- Sequence
- Ac-DGGLAG-NH₂
- Modification
- N-terminal acetylation; C-terminal amide; adamantane group covalently attached to the fifth residue, conferring lipophilicity and protease resistance.
Mechanism & Target Class
P21 is a CNTF-derived peptide analog designed to target the IL-6 cytokine receptor family (CNTF/LIFR–gp130 complex). It mimics part of CNTF's receptor binding site (residues 148–151) while selectively modulating the leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) branch of signaling via STAT3 interaction. This selectivity is associated with downstream engagement of BDNF–TrkB and CREB signaling cascades in preclinical models. The adamantane modification and N-terminal acetylation impart lipophilicity and protease resistance, properties examined in the context of blood–brain barrier permeability in animal studies. Pharmacokinetic characterization has examined oral stability and bioavailability in simulated physiological fluids.
Storage & Handling
- Lyophilized
- –20 °C; dry, protected from moisture and light.
- Handling
- Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Lyophilized form generally stable for months under recommended conditions.
Primary Database
References (21)
Reviews
1Kazim SF, Iqbal K. (2016). Mol Neurodegener
- 2
Iqbal K, Kazim SF, Bolognin S, et al. (2014). Neural Regen Res
- 3
Baazaoui N, Iqbal K. (2022). Biomolecules
- 4
Ortiz Flores I, Treviño S, Díaz A. (2023). Neural Regen Res
- 5
Lozupone M, Dibello V, Sardone R, et al. (2023). Expert Opin Drug Discov
Primary research
6Falangola MF, Voltin J, Cole M, et al. (2026). Magn Reson Imaging
- 7
Mottolese N, Loi M, Trazzi S, et al. (2024). J Neurodev Disord
- 8
Wei W, Liu Y, Dai C-L, et al. (2021). J Alzheimers Dis
- 9
Kazim SF, Blanchard J, Bianchi R, et al. (2017). Sci Rep
- 10
Baazaoui N, Iqbal K. (2017). Alzheimers Res Ther
- 11
Li B, Wanka L, Blanchard J, et al. (2010). FEBS Lett
- 12
Blanchard J, Chohan MO, Li B, et al. (2010). J Alzheimers Dis
- 13
Bolognin S, Blanchard J, Wang X, et al. (2012). Acta Neuropathol
- 14
Bolognin S, Buffelli M, Puoliväli J, et al. (2014). Neurobiol Aging
- 15
Kazim SF, Blanchard J, Dai C-L, et al. (2014). Neurobiol Dis
- 16
Chohan MO, Bragina O, Kazim SF, et al. (2015). Neurosurgery
- 17
Khatoon S, Chalbot S, Bolognin S, et al. (2015). J Alzheimers Dis
- 18
Baazaoui N, Iqbal K. (2017). J Alzheimers Dis
- 19
Baazaoui N, Iqbal K. (2018). J Alzheimers Dis
- 20
Liu Y, Wei W, Baazaoui N, et al. (2019). Front Aging Neurosci
- 21
Wei W, Wang Y, Liu Y, et al. (2020). Alzheimers Res Ther
Related compounds