Vesugen

A synthetic ultrashort tripeptide investigated in vascular-endothelial, gene-expression, and cellular-aging research models.

Molecular Profile

Type
Synthetic linear tripeptide
Molecular formula
C15H26N4O8
Molecular weight
390.39 g/mol
Amino acids
3
Sequence
Lys-Glu-Asp (KED); H-Lys-Glu-Asp-OH
Modification
Free N- and C-termini (no modifications).

Mechanism & Target Class

Vesugen belongs to the class of ultrashort peptide bioregulators (2–4 residues) studied by the Khavinson group. The proposed mechanism centers on direct interaction of the small peptide with DNA: molecular-docking work places KED in the minor groove of double-stranded DNA, where it is hypothesized to associate with gene-promoter regions and influence transcription in a tissue-associated manner. Docking studies have examined KED binding to promoter regions including the MKI67 gene (encoding the proliferation marker Ki-67). Because of its small size and charged lysine residue, transport modeling has explored candidate uptake via LAT-family amino-acid transporters and the PEPT1 peptide transporter. This DNA-interaction model is the originating group's hypothesis and is not independently established consensus pharmacology.

Storage & Handling

Lyophilized
Store desiccated at -20°C; protect from light and moisture.
Handling
Small linear peptide susceptible to degradation in aqueous solution; handle under standard sterile peptide-laboratory practice.

Primary Database

PubChem CID 87571363 ↗

References (21)

  1. Reviews

    1

    Khavinson VK, Linkova NS, Rudskoy AI, Petukhov MG (2023). Biomolecules

    DOI: 10.3390/biom13030552

  2. 2

    Ilina A, Khavinson V, Linkova N, Petukhov M (2022). International Journal of Molecular Sciences

    DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084259PubMed 35457077

  3. 3

    Khavinson V, Linkova N, Kozhevnikova E, Dyatlova A, Petukhov M (2022). International Journal of Molecular Sciences

    DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147733

  4. 4

    Khavinson VK, Lin'kova NS, Umnov RS (2021). Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine

    DOI: 10.1007/s10517-021-05192-6PubMed 34173097

  5. 5

    Khavinson VK, Popovich IG, Linkova NS, Mironova ES, Ilina AR (2021). Molecules

    DOI: 10.3390/molecules26227053PubMed 34834147

  6. 6

    Anisimov VN, Khavinson VKh (2010). Biogerontology

    DOI: 10.1007/s10522-009-9249-8PubMed 19830585

  7. 7

    Khavinson V, Linkova N, Diatlova A, Trofimova S (2020). Stem Cell Reviews and Reports

    DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09938-8PubMed 31808038

  8. 8

    Khavinson V, Linkova N, Dyatlova A, Kantemirova R, Kozlov K (2022). Cells

    DOI: 10.3390/cells12010106PubMed 36611900

  9. Clinical

    9

    Kitachev KV, Sazonov AB, Kozlov KL, Petrov KIu, Sliusarev AS, Khavinson VKh (2014). Advances in Gerontology

    PubMed 25051774

  10. Primary research

    10

    Khavinson V, Ilina A, Kraskovskaya N, Linkova N, Kolchina N, Mironova E, Erofeev A, Petukhov M (2025). Pharmaceuticals (Basel)

    DOI: 10.3390/ph18010111

  11. 11

    Khavinson V, Ilina A, Kraskovskaya N, Linkova N, Kolchina N, Mironova E, Erofeev A, Petukhov M (2021). Pharmaceuticals (Basel)

    DOI: 10.3390/ph14060515PubMed 34071923

  12. 12

    Sinjari B, Diomede F, Khavinson V, Mironova E, Linkova N, Trofimova S, Trubiani O, Caputi S (2020). Stem Cell Reviews and Reports

    DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09921-3PubMed 31677028

  13. 13

    Kraskovskaya NA, Kukanova EO, Lin'kova NS, Popugaeva EA, Khavinson VKh (2017). Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine

    DOI: 10.1007/s10517-017-3847-2

  14. 14

    Kozlov KL, Bolotov II, Linkova NS, Drobintseva AO, Khavinson VK, Dyakonov MM, Kozina LS (2016). Advances in Gerontology

    PubMed 28539025

  15. 15

    Khavinson VKh, Lin'kova NS, Tarnovskaya SI (2016). Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine

    DOI: 10.1007/s10517-016-3596-7

  16. 16

    Khavinson VKh, Tarnovskaia SI, Lin'kova NS, Guton EO, Elashkina EV (2014). Advances in Gerontology

    PubMed 25051766

  17. 17

    Khavinson VKh, Tarnovskaya SI, Linkova NS, Pronyaeva VE, Shataeva LK, Yakutseni PP (2013). Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine

    DOI: 10.1007/s10517-013-1961-3PubMed 23484211

  18. 18

    Caputi S, Trubiani O, Sinjari B, Trofimova S, Diomede F, Linkova N, Diatlova A, Khavinson V (2019). International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology

    DOI: 10.1177/2058738419828613PubMed 30791821

  19. 19

    Ashapkin V, Khavinson V, Shilovsky G, Linkova N, Vanuyshin B (2020). Molecular Biology Reports

    DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05506-3PubMed 32399807

  20. 20

    Kolchina N, Khavinson V, Linkova N, Yakimov A, Baitin D, Afanasyeva A, Petukhov M (2019). Nucleic Acids Research

    DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz850PubMed 31598715

  21. 21

    Sakhenberg E, Linkova N, Kraskovskaya N, Krieger D, Polyakova V, Medvedev D, Krasichkov A, Khotin M, Ryzhak G (2025). Current Issues in Molecular Biology

    DOI: 10.3390/cimb47090739PubMed 41020860