MOTS-c

A mitochondrial-encoded peptide investigated in cellular energy, signaling, and muscle biology research.

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Molecular Profile

Type
Mitochondrial-derived peptide (16 residues)
Molecular formula
C101H152N28O22S2
Molecular weight
~2,175 g/mol
CAS number
1627580-64-6
Amino acids
16
Sequence
MRWQEMGYIFYPRKLR
Modification
Unmodified (free base); synthetic preparations are typically supplied as trifluoroacetate or acetate salt. Encoded within the mitochondrial 12S rRNA (MT-RNR1 locus).

Mechanism & Target Class

A short cationic peptide encoded by an open reading frame within mitochondrial 12S rRNA (MT-RNR1 locus). Mechanistic studies identify two principal pathways: inhibition of the folate-methionine one-carbon cycle, which leads to AICAR accumulation and AMPK activation; and, under metabolic stress, AMPK-dependent translocation to the nucleus where the peptide associates with antioxidant-response elements and the NRF2/ATF-family transcription factors. Kim SJ et al. (2024) identified the CK2α subunit as a direct binding target in skeletal muscle, with the K14Q polymorphic variant showing altered binding relative to wild-type.

Storage & Handling

Lyophilized
-20°C; powder typically stable ~24 months.
Handling
Avoid freeze-thaw; protect from light and moisture; methionine residues are oxidation-sensitive.

Primary Database

PubChem CID 146675088 ↗

References (38)

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